{"id":709,"date":"2023-04-20T23:50:04","date_gmt":"2023-04-20T23:50:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/?p=709"},"modified":"2024-07-18T03:29:59","modified_gmt":"2024-07-18T03:29:59","slug":"2023-paper-prisons-state-reports-roundup","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/all\/blog\/2023-paper-prisons-state-reports-roundup\/","title":{"rendered":"2023 Paper Prisons\u2019 State Reports Roundup (April 20, 2023)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The 2023 Legislative session is in full swing and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paperprisons.org\/\">Paper Prisons<\/a> has produced research that has been cited in several ongoing campaigns. Below we highlight key findings from our reports on the \u201csecond chance gap\u201d in expungement remedies offered under the laws of Missouri, Oregon, Illinois, Texas, Minnesota, and New York:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Clean Slate automation has the potential to <strong>dramatically reduce the White-Black racial gap <\/strong>in populations with a conviction and felony conviction, as evidenced by our reports on expungement in Illinois, Missouri, and Oregon:&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In Missouri, <a href=\"https:\/\/legiscan.com\/MO\/bill\/SB347\/2023\">SB 347<\/a> seeks to automate expungement for eligible nonviolent offenses, infractions, misdemeanors, or felonies. Our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paperprisons.org\/states\/MO.html\">Missouri report<\/a> estimates that automating expungement would reduce the White-Black racial gap among those with conviction records by <strong>50.9%<\/strong> and among those with felony conviction records by <strong>50.5%<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"514\" src=\"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-1024x514.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-710\" srcset=\"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-1024x514.png 1024w, https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-300x151.png 300w, https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-768x386.png 768w, https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image.png 1286w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In Oregon, <a href=\"https:\/\/fastdemocracy.com\/bill-search\/or\/2023\/bills\/ORB00016357\/\">SB 697<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/fastdemocracy.com\/bill-search\/or\/2023\/bills\/ORB00015591\/\">SB 698<\/a> seek to streamline and automate expungement for eligible convictions, arrests, citations, charges, and guilty judgments (exception for insanity). Our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paperprisons.org\/states\/OR.html\">Oregon report<\/a> estimates that streamlining and automating expungement would reduce the White-Black racial gap among those with conviction records by <strong>39%<\/strong> and among those with felony conviction records by <strong>19%<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"538\" src=\"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-3-1024x538.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-713\" srcset=\"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-3-1024x538.png 1024w, https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-3-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-3-768x403.png 768w, https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-3.png 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In Illinois, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ilga.gov\/legislation\/BillStatus.asp?GA=102&amp;DocTypeID=SB&amp;DocNum=1555&amp;GAID=16&amp;SessionID=110&amp;LegID=134188\">SB 1555<\/a> seeks to automate expungement for eligible law enforcement records, criminal records, and court records. Our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paperprisons.org\/states\/IL.html\">Illinois report<\/a> estimates that automating expungement would reduce the White-Black racial gap among those with conviction records by <strong>31%<\/strong> and among those with felony conviction records by <strong>57%<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"466\" src=\"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-1-1024x466.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-711\" srcset=\"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-1-1024x466.png 1024w, https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-1-300x136.png 300w, https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-1-768x349.png 768w, https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-1.png 1196w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\">\n<li>Clean Slate Automation would <strong>significantly increase the uptake of <\/strong>records relief and also has the potential to <strong>significantly reduce <\/strong>the earnings lost due to records, which is estimated to total close to <strong>22B <\/strong>in the 6 states covered by our reports. To take two states for example:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In Texas, <a href=\"https:\/\/legiscan.com\/TX\/bill\/SB499\/2023\">SB 499<\/a>|<a href=\"https:\/\/legiscan.com\/TX\/bill\/HB1737\/2023\">HB 1737<\/a> seek to automate nondisclosure of eligible misdemeanor record information. Our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paperprisons.org\/states\/TX.html\">Texas report<\/a> estimates only <strong>5% uptake<\/strong> of petition-based relief absent nondisclosure automation. Based on this current rate, our report found that it would take <strong>255 years to clear this conviction sealing backlog<\/strong>. Our report also estimates a <strong>$3.5 Billion <\/strong>aggregate annual earnings loss associated with sealable records, which can be mitigated with automation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In Minnesota, <a href=\"https:\/\/legiscan.com\/MN\/bill\/HF2023\/2023\">HF 2023<\/a> seeks to automate expungement for offenses eligible for relief. Our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paperprisons.org\/states\/MN.html\">Minnesota report<\/a> estimates only <strong>5% uptake<\/strong> of petition-based relief absent expungement automation. Based on this current rate, our report found that it would take <strong>173 years to clear this expungement backlog<\/strong>. Our report also estimates a <strong>$2.4 Billion <\/strong>aggregate annual earnings loss associated with clearable convictions, which can be mitigated with automation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A summary of the aggregate findings from our reports is provided below<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Table 1: Estimated Size, Uptake and Lost Earnings Associated with the Second Chance Records Relief Gap in 6 States<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>State<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Est. Population Eligible for Relief*<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Current Uptake Rate of Relief*<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Aggregate Earnings Impact*<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.paperprisons.org\/states\/TX.html\">Texas<\/a><\/td><td>677,000<\/td><td>5.0%<\/td><td>$3.5 Billion<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.paperprisons.org\/states\/MN.html\">Minnesota<\/a><\/td><td>470,000<\/td><td>5.0%<\/td><td>$2.4 Billion<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/states\/MO.html\">Missouri<\/a><\/td><td>518,000<\/td><td>&lt;1%<\/td><td>$2.6 Billion<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/states\/OR.html\">Oregon<\/a><\/td><td>295,000<\/td><td>5.5%<\/td><td>$1.6 Billion<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/states\/IL.html\">Illinois<\/a><\/td><td>921,000<\/td><td>10%<\/td><td>$4.7 Billion<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/states\/NY.html\">New York<\/a><\/td><td>1,400,000<\/td><td>&lt;1%<\/td><td>$7.1 Billion<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Total<\/td><td>4,281,000<\/td><td>\u2013<\/td><td>$21.9 Billion<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">*Data estimates from Paper Prisons State Reports as linked above.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"3\">\n<li>Clean Slate Automation would have a pronounced <strong>impact at the county level<\/strong>, as evidenced by our New York, Illnois and related reports.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In New York, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nysenate.gov\/legislation\/bills\/2023\/S211\">S 211<\/a>|<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nysenate.gov\/legislation\/bills\/2023\/a1029\">A1029<\/a> (Clean Slate Act) seek to automate sealing of eligible conviction records. Our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paperprisons.org\/states\/NY.html\">New York report<\/a> estimates <strong>less than 1% uptake<\/strong> of petition-based relief absent nondisclosure automation. Based on this current rate, our report found that it would take <strong>over 1000 years to clear this conviction sealing backlog<\/strong>. Our report also estimates a <strong>$7.1 Billion <\/strong>aggregate annual earnings loss associated with sealable records, which can be mitigated with automation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Our report further pinpoints the population eligible for relief under the Clean Slate Act and earnings loss associated with sealable records in 37 New York counties. In <strong>Queens County <\/strong>alone, 177,800 New Yorkers are eligible for Clean Slate relief, with an estimated $906.8 Million in lost earnings. While in <strong>Bronx County<\/strong>, 75,700 New Yorkers are eligible for Clean Slate relief, with an estimated $386 Million in lost earnings.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"956\" src=\"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-712\" srcset=\"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-2.png 683w, https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-2-214x300.png 214w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Similar county-level analyses, leveraging data made available from the State of Illinois, are also detailed in our <a href=\"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/states\/IL.html\">Illinois<\/a> report. By estimating these vital metrics in our reports and quantifying the costs of remaining &#8220;paper prisons&#8221; \u2014with expungeable criminal records\u2014we help to inform the legal and policy debate about criminal records.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This initiative began with the seminal paper <a href=\"https:\/\/repository.law.umich.edu\/mlr\/vol119\/iss3\/3\/\"><em>America&#8217;s Paper Prisons: The Second Chance Gap<\/em><\/a>, published by Paper Prison\u2019s Founder, <a href=\"https:\/\/law.scu.edu\/faculty\/profile\/chien-colleen\/\">Professor Colleen Chien<\/a>, in the Michigan Law Review in 2020. In this paper, Chien introduces the foundational concepts of \u201cthe second chance gap\u201d\u2014the gap between eligibility for and delivery of relief from the criminal justice system through, e.g. record expungement or sealing relief laws \u2014and of \u201cPaper Prisons\u201d\u2014deficiencies in the administration of the law that perpetuate conviction barriers, disenfranchisement, and socio-economic burdens beyond what the law requires. A <a href=\"https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4065920\">second paper in the Arizona Law Review (2022)<\/a>, with criminologist Robert Apel and others, quantifies the cost of the second chance gap, estimating the lost earnings associated with a conviction record and also a lost driver\u2019s license.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Leveraging \u201cClean Slate\u201d initiatives to automatically clear or seal eligible criminal records would help reduce the size of America\u2019s \u201cpaper prisons\u201d and the \u201csecond chance gap\u201d in records clearance. However, debt-related barriers and dirty data can contribute to incomplete automation, leading to \u201csecond second chance gaps.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-714\" srcset=\"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-4.png 1024w, https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-4-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/image-4-768x432.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">2022-20323 Clean Slate billboard in New York citing lost earnings figures derived from the Paper Prisons research (source: Community Legal Services of NY)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>While researchers on the Paper Prisons team sweat the details on the empirical data on a daily basis, we are gratified to see these details elevated in testimony, legislative discussion, and even on billboards like the one shown above, in NY. Closing the second chance gap, our research suggests, can lead to unblocked opportunities, greater racial equity, and the recovered lost earnings, supporting economic mobility and growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The 2023 Legislative session is in full swing and Paper Prisons has produced research that has been cited in several ongoing campaigns. Below we highlight key findings from our reports on the \u201csecond chance gap\u201d in expungement remedies offered under the laws of Missouri, Oregon, Illinois, Texas, Minnesota, and New York: A summary of the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-709","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/709","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=709"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/709\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1027,"href":"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/709\/revisions\/1027"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=709"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=709"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paperprisons.org\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=709"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}